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Causes of varicose veins

Inside the veins, there are valves that make blood flow toward the heart and prevent it from flowing backward.

When these valves lose their function, blood flows backward and the veins in the legs become enlarged.

There are many causes.

Varicose veins occur as a result of multiple factors working together, such as genetic factors, occupational factors, and constitutional factors.

Genetic causes

There are many theories about hereditary patterns.

It is generally believed that there is a congenital defect in the venous valves.

If a parent has varicose veins, the probability of their children developing varicose veins is high because constitutional factors are inherited.

Endocrine hormone factors

In women, varicose veins are often seen in relation to pregnancy and childbirth, when hormone changes are significant, and there are two causes: mechanical and hormonal.

Mechanical causes

In the lying position, the pregnant uterus compresses the inferior vena cava, increasing venous pressure by 2 to 3 times, which leads to this condition.

Hormonal causes

During pregnancy, progesterone dilates the veins, causing venous hypotension and muscle relaxation.

Varicose veins also develop more easily in women who have taken sex hormones, especially birth control pills, for a long time.

Occupational factors

Occupational factors cannot be ignored either.

In jobs where a person sits in an office all day because of the nature of the work, the muscle pump function is barely active, so venous blood is not pushed upward, which leads to varicose veins.

Or, in cases of long-term repeated exposure to hot places, such as people who work in foundries, or in jobs that require standing for long periods, such as salespeople or service workers, varicose veins are more likely to develop due to venous relaxation and blood pooling downward.

Problems with varicose veins and venous dilation

The most common symptom of varicose veins is an unsightly blood vessel that shows through or bulges under the skin, making it an aesthetic concern.

No matter how beautiful a woman’s legs may be, if blood vessels bulge out and are visible, they cannot be considered attractive, and it becomes a source of complex.

In addition, symptoms such as localized pain, heaviness, leg swelling, and fatigue may occur, causing major discomfort in daily life.

What happens if varicose veins are left untreated?

If left untreated, they worsen, and there is no natural cure.

Early treatment is advantageous, and since it can be cured without surgery, early treatment is recommended.

Examples of advanced varicose vein symptoms and complications when left untreated

Symptoms of varicose veins

The most common symptom is no symptom at all, meaning asymptomatic. - 80% of patients are asymptomatic.
There is a dull ache in the legs.
The legs feel tired and heavy.
There is swelling or dermatitis.
In rare cases, there is a skin pigmentation reaction.

Causes of varicose vein pain

It occurs because the expanded veins directly compress the dense network of nerve fibers within the subcutaneous tissue.

It is presumed to be due to lactic acid released from venous blood.

Inheritance of varicose veins

If there is a patient with varicose veins among the parents or relatives, the frequency of occurrence among family members increases.

However, only constitutional factors (collagen properties) are inherited, not varicose veins directly.

If a parent has varicose veins, one should think that they themselves also have a predisposition to varicose veins, and if symptoms appear, it is wise to get examined immediately and receive early treatment.

Frequency of varicose veins

It is generally reported to occur in about 10 to 20% of the total population.

The ratio between men and women is reported to be 2 to 4 times higher in women.

This is because women have greater aesthetic interest than men, and they also undergo rapid hormonal changes such as pregnancy and childbirth.

Varicose veins increase with age.

In women, the incidence is 8% in their 20s, 41% in their 50s, and 72% in their 70s.

Complications of varicose veins

If varicose veins are left untreated, the symptoms gradually worsen.

In particular, complications such as bleeding, superficial thrombophlebitis, and skin degeneration can occur continuously.

Thrombophlebitis occurs in 20% of patients with severe varicose veins.

Thrombophlebitis is caused by trauma to the varicose vein area, stagnation of blood flow, and obstruction of blood flow.

How varicose veins are diagnosed

The simplest and most accurate diagnostic method for varicose veins is Doppler ultrasound, which can accurately determine the diameter of the blood vessels and the degree of reflux.

The examination is performed with the patient standing, placing the ultrasound probe on the area with veins while looking at the screen to identify the causative vein, and it takes about 5 minutes.

Purpose and process of Doppler ultrasound examination

1. Measure the diameter of the starting point of the saphenous vein.

2. Find where and how many reflux areas there are in the blood flow.

3. Differentiate whether there is valve abnormality at the starting point of the saphenous vein and in the major perforating veins.

4. Based on the examination results, establish a plan for which treatment to apply.

5. Based on the treatment plan, decide which procedure will be performed, on which area, and to what extent, then calculate the treatment estimate.

Types of blood vessels that cause varicose veins and examination sites

There are two types of blood vessels that cause varicose veins in the legs.

One is the great saphenous vein, and the other is the small saphenous vein.

Great saphenous vein

The great saphenous vein is the largest and longest superficial vein, starting in the groin, running down the inner thigh, continuing along the inner calf, and traveling along the inner ankle.

Small saphenous vein

The small saphenous vein is a superficial vein that starts behind the knee, runs down the back of the calf, and travels along the outer ankle.

The blood vessels that cause varicose veins in the legs arise from these two types of superficial veins and the branches belonging to them.

The key to the Doppler ultrasound examination is to find the reflux areas at the starting points of these vessels and in the important perforating veins.

Examination site of the great saphenous vein

The great saphenous vein starts on both sides of the groin, branches from the central vein, runs down the inner thigh, and the starting point is examined with Doppler ultrasound.

Examination site of the small saphenous vein

The small saphenous vein starts behind the knee, branches from the central vein, runs down the back of the calf, and the starting point of this small saphenous vein is examined with Doppler ultrasound.

Various treatments for varicose veins and vascular dilation

Broadly, there are three types: surgery, sclerotherapy, and laser procedures.

Surgical treatment has developed in various ways over the centuries, and in many cases the causative vein was removed from the body and eliminated.

Even in advanced European countries today, surgical treatments such as vein stripping and ambulatory phlebectomy are commonly used, and sclerotherapy is widely used as an adjunct.

Sclerotherapy is a treatment method that does not require surgery and injects a sclerosing agent into the blood vessel. It has the advantages of not requiring anesthesia and leaving no scar at all.

In other words, it is a method of injecting the sclerosing agent into the blood vessel using a syringe in the same way as a regular injection.

Other treatments include transilluminated powered phlebectomy, endovenous laser treatment, and pigment laser treatment for capillaries, but there are concerns about various side effects, and the treatment effect is often inferior to surgery or sclerotherapy. Since the usable vessels are limited, venous specialists in advanced European countries caution against the use of these treatments.

Principles of treatment for leg varicose veins

1. Perform the procedure by accurately identifying the causative area of the varicose veins through Doppler ultrasound diagnosis.
2. It should be cured easily and quickly.
3. If possible, cure it with non-surgical sclerotherapy.
4. If sclerotherapy is not suitable, perform scar-free surgery.
5. Surgery should leave only minimal scars and fundamentally block the reflux area of venous blood.
6. Surgery should be done under local anesthesia to minimize cost and allow quick return to daily life.
7. The recurrence rate should be minimized.

Problems with conventional varicose vein treatment in the past

Conventional surgery in the past required hospitalization for about a week and delayed return to daily life, causing significant financial and time burdens.

Because surgery required general anesthesia, there was a risk of anesthesia-related complications, and since the diseased blood vessels were removed, a large scar was left at each removal site.

In the case of sclerotherapy, there was the inconvenience of having to undergo multiple procedures, and frequent recurrence meant that the cure rate was lower than surgery.

In addition, if the wrong sclerosing agent was used, severe pain and side effects could occur.

Current advanced varicose vein treatments

Current varicose vein treatment is sclerotherapy using excellent sclerosing agents, with no local pain or side effects.

However, it is necessary to accurately distinguish whether a varicose vein can be cured with sclerotherapy or whether it is a varicose vein that may recur, and the procedure must be performed accordingly. If sclerotherapy is performed when it is not indicated, it will only result in financial and time loss without any effect.

The success or failure of sclerotherapy depends most importantly on accurately identifying the cause of the varicose veins and using sclerotherapy only when indicated.

If sclerotherapy is not indicated, surgical treatment is used.

Current scar-free surgery does not require hospitalization, is performed under local anesthesia instead of general anesthesia as in the past, allows quick return to daily life, and uses a method that leaves almost no visible surgical scar.

Ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy

Ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy is a method for accurately injecting the sclerosing agent into deep blood vessels while checking the ultrasound screen.

It is mainly used to block reflux in the saphenous vein or perforating veins buried deep under the skin, and as a substitute for surgery, it is mainly applied to those who are afraid of surgery.

However, two to three procedures at one-month intervals are required.

The biggest advantage of ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy is that it can treat the reflux area of valves much more simply than surgery or laser-based methods.

It requires the practitioner’s skill, and the procedure is only possible if the needle can be inserted accurately into even small blood vessels while looking at the ultrasound screen.

What should be done if sclerotherapy is not indicated?

Surgery is necessary for a complete cure.

There are two main superficial veins that cause varicose veins in the legs: the great saphenous vein and the small saphenous vein.

Only when the causative vein is accurately diagnosed and surgery is indicated is the causative vein removed.

Since the small branches of varicose veins cannot be removed by stripping the great or small saphenous veins alone, they can be cured with almost no scars by ambulatory phlebectomy, which removes them through small incisions of about 2 mm at each site.

Surgical treatment for varicose veins

For the treatment of large blood vessels, surgery has been the mainstream treatment for decades in many European countries, and even today, in several European countries that are at the forefront of varicose vein treatment, surgery remains the main treatment choice.

Advantages of varicose vein surgery

1. Recurrence is rare.
2. The postoperative result is superior to laser-based methods.
3. Wound healing is faster than with other treatment methods.
4. Scar formation is almost nonexistent.
5. Unlike laser (EVLT), which has various limitations in use, it is not restricted by vessel diameter or shape.
6. Unlike phlebectomy using transillumination (Trivex), there are almost no postoperative sensory disturbances or sequelae due to nerve damage.
7. Even severe varicose veins can usually be cured with a single operation.

Disadvantages of varicose vein surgery

1. The surgery takes a long time.

2. Surgery is difficult for vessels with a small diameter.

Types of varicose vein surgery methods

Saphenous vein stripping

This is the surgical removal of the thick causative vein branch.

It is a method of removing large vessels such as the great or small saphenous vein with minimal scars and without nerve damage.

It can treat all vessel branches at the root reflux site, and it can block reflux all at once even in perforating veins that may be problematic.

The scars left during surgery are at the two points where the pin is inserted and where the pin comes out, and the scars are kept under 1 cm, so scarring is almost not a problem.

Also, since it does not cause nerve damage, there is no need to worry about sequelae.

Ambulatory phlebectomy

Ambulatory phlebectomy means that walking is possible after surgery.

It is an effective and appropriate surgical method for small, twisted, clustered veins.

Unlike the past, when the vessel area was indiscriminately cut and operated on, this is a scar-free surgical method performed under local anesthesia by making only small 2 mm holes at each site, so scar formation is almost nonexistent.

By selectively removing only the vessels, nerve damage is almost nonexistent.

High ligation of the great saphenous vein

This is a method of blocking the reflux area of the saphenous vein valves. Unlike great saphenous vein stripping or ambulatory extraction, which completely remove the enlarged diseased vein, this method preserves the vessel and blocks only the reflux area.

In other words, it is similar to repair work to close a hole in a dam.

It is a surgical method used to block the reflux area in the early stage, before the vessel has expanded severely.

The key to surgery is to block reflux in all the vessel branches as well, because only then will recurrence be prevented.

Such vessel branches cannot be resolved with laser-based treatment.

Other treatment methods

In addition to sclerotherapy and scar-free surgery, recently introduced treatments include transilluminated powered phlebectomy (TRVEX) and endovenous laser procedures.

Although these procedures were developed to complement the shortcomings of surgery and sclerotherapy, they come with many limitations in use, so there are few vessels for which they are applicable, and because side effects from nerve damage can occur, they require special caution from the practitioner.

In many European countries, where varicose vein treatment is advanced, sclerotherapy and surgery, which have been verified over decades, are widely used, while problems with side effects and treatment efficacy of laser and transilluminated powered phlebectomy have been widely reported, making special caution necessary for practitioners.

Transilluminated powered phlebectomy (TRIVEX)

This method creates two incisions, shines light under the vessel through one site to identify the position of the vessel, then removes the vessel with a powered blade through the other incision and suctions it out.

◆ Advantages

It can easily remove twisted and clustered vessels.

◆ Disadvantages

1. By indiscriminately removing vessels and nerves, sensory disturbances may remain after the procedure.

2. Small vessels such as capillaries or reticular vessels cannot be treated.

3. It is difficult to use for large branch vessels such as the great or small saphenous vein.

4. Since the root cause of blood reflux is not treated, surgery to block the reflux area must be performed together.

Endovenous laser treatment (EVLT)

This refers to a method in which a laser-generating catheter is inserted into the vessel and heat damage is applied to the vessel with the laser to close it.

◆ Advantages

It can be easily used for procedures on large vessels such as the saphenous vein that are not twisted.

◆ Disadvantages

1. Even in the saphenous vein, a laser catheter cannot be inserted into twisted vessels, making the procedure practically difficult.

2. It is also difficult to use when the vessel diameter is too large or too small.

3. It cannot be used in areas where the vessels are twisted and clustered.

4. If the laser power is strong, there is concern about nerve damage or skin damage.

5. If the laser power is weak, the treatment effect may not be seen or recurrence may occur.

6. Reflux in the vessel branches at the starting point of the saphenous vein cannot be blocked, leaving room for recurrence.

Endovenous laser treatment can be applied only to straight vessels with a uniform thickness that are not twisted.

Examples of treatment for leg varicose veins and vascular dilation

Frequently asked questions and answers about leg varicose veins and vascular dilation

Question) If you can see veins in your legs, does that mean they are all varicose veins?

Answer) Not all of them.

In people who are congenitally thin-skinned or have large blood vessels, the veins may be visible even though the venous system is normal.

However, even if there is no abnormality in the venous system, if capillaries or large blood vessels are visible under the skin and are unsightly from a cosmetic perspective, it may be worth considering a procedure to make the vessels less visible.

Question) Can varicose veins be treated with laser?

Answer) No.

For very fine capillary telangiectasia, pigment lasers can be effective, but vessels larger than that are not responsive to laser.

There is a current procedure for large vessels in which a laser-generating catheter is inserted and the inner wall of the vessel is burned with laser, but in terms of effectiveness it does not produce as clean a result as surgery, and because it is difficult to treat vessels that are too large or too small, its indications are more limited than surgical treatment.

In advanced countries, surgical treatment for varicose veins is widely used, and laser is rarely used because of various side effects and limitations in use.

Question) If sclerotherapy is used, will the unsightly blood vessels disappear?

Answer) The sclerosing agents currently used are drugs with proven safety, and their effect can be seen immediately after the sclerosing agent is injected into the vessel. Usually, good results can be obtained after about 1 to 2 sessions.

If the affected area is small, results can be achieved with just one session.

Question) I heard sclerotherapy has a high recurrence rate. Is that true?

Answer) You should not simply receive sclerotherapy just because blood vessels are visible.

Before that, an accurate cause of the varicose veins must be identified through Doppler ultrasound in order to achieve a cure.

In other words, recurrence can be prevented only by accurately diagnosing the area where venous blood is refluxing and treating the local venous dilation at the same time as the root cause.

If only sclerotherapy is performed without treating the area causing blood reflux, it will continue to recur.

Question) Is treatment only possible for the legs, and not for the hands, arms, or face?

Answer) Blood vessels may be visible on the hands, arms, and face, but this can be considered to occur more due to individual constitutional factors than varicose veins.

Obese people have blood vessels buried deeply and are less visible, while thin people have blood vessels that are easily visible, so it can be seen as a difference caused by that.

These cases can also be treated with sclerotherapy.

Question) Does surgery leave many scars?

Answer) Conventional surgery in the past used a method under general anesthesia that left many scars, but the current treatment method involves making incisions of about 2 mm at each site under local anesthesia, so scars are almost nonexistent.

Question) The hospital recommends surgery, but I do not want surgery. Is there any other way?

Answer) Surgical indications are used when venous reflux is severe.

However, depending on the vessel diameter, treatment can be performed without surgery using ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy.

If there is severe reflux, surgery is unavoidable, but the appropriate procedure must be determined through an accurate ultrasound diagnosis.

Question) If I undergo sclerotherapy for my legs, do I absolutely have to wear compression stockings?

Answer) In the case of leg varicose veins, wearing medical compression stockings after sclerotherapy can produce better results.

After the sclerosing agent is injected, the vessel must be compressed so that fibrosis occurs in the inner wall of the vessel, which completes the treatment.

During this period, the vessel should be properly compressed to achieve the maximum effect.

They are usually worn for 3 to 6 weeks.

However, very small areas or small capillary telangiectasia do not need to be worn.

Question) Won’t compression stockings be too tight and uncomfortable?

Answer) Not at all.

Medical compression stockings are ergonomically designed to help venous return, so they are comfortable to wear.

Their purpose is different from that of ordinary medical stockings.

After wearing them, they help improve blood circulation in the legs.

At our clinic, we import and use Sigvaris products from Germany, certified by the European Textile Association (EMPA).

Question) After surgery or sclerotherapy, do I need to lie down?

Answer) No.

Doing moderate exercise for 1 to 2 hours a day actually speeds recovery and helps venous blood circulation.

You can return to normal life immediately after surgery or sclerotherapy.

Venous dilation in the hands and arms (vascular dilation)

In addition to leg varicose veins, we also perform cosmetic procedures for unsightly dilated blood vessels on the backs of the hands and arms.

No matter how pretty the hand, if the blood vessels protrude and make the hand or arm look unattractive, it can be embarrassing to show to others.

In such cases, sclerotherapy, which can eliminate blood vessels without any side effects, solves the concern of protruding unsightly blood vessels.

Common venous dilation (vascular dilation) of the hands and arms

Sclerotherapy (Sclerotherapy)

Sclerotherapy is used to treat vessels with a diameter of 5 mm or less.

A sclerosing agent is put into a syringe and injected into the diseased vessel.

The procedure is simple, like a regular blood vessel injection.

The downside is that if the treatment area is large, multiple sessions are needed, and it takes about 1 to 2 months for the vessel to disappear completely after the procedure.

For thin vessels, there is no alternative treatment to sclerotherapy, so it is the best treatment for vessels with a small diameter.

There is also a method using pigment laser, but it is less effective and works only on red vessels with a diameter of 0.1 to 0.2 mm, and it requires multiple sessions.

Sclerotherapy procedure for vascular dilation (venous dilation) on the backs of the hands and arms

Understanding sclerotherapy for vascular dilation

Blood vessels are made up of three layers.

Among these, the innermost layer, the endothelial layer, is stripped away and removed by the sclerosing agent.

A vessel with no endothelial cells left retains only the middle and outer layers, and as thrombus adheres to the middle layer, the vessel gradually sticks together, becomes occluded, and disappears.

The period until disappearance varies from person to person, but the average is about one month.

Frequently asked questions and answers about venous dilation (vascular dilation) on the backs of the hands and arms

Question) The veins on the backs of my hands and arms are very large. Is this also a disease?

Answer) Unlike leg varicose veins, vascular dilation on the backs of the hands and arms is mostly caused by constitutional factors.

This is because there is too little subcutaneous fat, so the blood vessels show through.

Obese people do not show the vessels well, but in thin people the vessels protrude and are visible.

Question) The veins on the backs of my hands and arms are very unsightly. What should I do?

Answer) If the diameter is not too large, sclerotherapy can change them into attractive hands.

If the diameter is too large and it is not possible, the unsightly vessels are removed surgically.

Even with surgery, scars are almost invisible.

Question) What kind of procedure is sclerotherapy?

Answer) It is a simple procedure in which a sclerosing agent is injected into your blood vessels through a syringe, like a regular blood vessel injection.

The effect is seen immediately after the procedure, and the vessel disappears right after the injection.

As for the number of sessions, one or two sessions can remove the unsightly vessels.

Question) Does sclerotherapy hurt or have side effects from the drug?

Answer) It is a completely painless procedure.

Even when the drug is administered into the vessel, there is no vascular pain, so there is no need to worry about pain.

The sclerosing agent is an FDA-approved product in the United States and is a safe injectable preparation with no reported side effects.

The procedure is as simple as a regular blood vessel injection.

Question) If the veins in the hands and arms are removed, won’t there be problems with blood circulation?

Answer) Even if the blood vessels under the skin are removed, the deep vessels sufficiently take over their role, so there is no problem with blood circulation.

This is because the vessels under the skin play only a very minor role in blood circulation.

Many people have undergone the procedure, and there have been no such side effects, so you can receive the procedure with confidence.

Question) How many sessions of sclerotherapy are needed?

Answer) If there are few vessels to treat, one session may be enough; if there are many vessels, two to three sessions may be needed.

This varies from person to person, so the attending physician’s judgment should be followed.

On average, it is about one to two sessions.

Question) Do I need to wear compression garments for hand and arm procedures like I do for leg varicose veins?

Answer) There is no need to wear compression garments.

You can return to daily life immediately without needing bandages or adhesive plasters.

Question) What is the recovery process after the procedure?

Answer) After the injection treatment (sclerotherapy), you can go home right away.

You only need to occasionally massage the treatment area with the hand cream provided by the hospital.

This is to prevent thrombus formation inside the vessel.

If thrombus occasionally forms and does not disappear, you can return to the clinic after 1 to 2 weeks to have the thrombus removed.

The method of removing the thrombus is to puncture it with a fine needle and squeeze it out.

The number of times the thrombus is squeezed out varies from person to person, but it is usually about 1 to 2 times.

If it is difficult to come to the clinic, it is simple enough to do it directly at home.

Question) When can I resume daily life after sclerotherapy for the hands and arms?

Answer) You can resume daily life immediately, and there is no problem in going about your normal activities.

After the procedure, it is even more effective to occasionally apply the hand cream provided by the hospital and massage the area so that thrombus does not form in the vessel.

Mild pain may occur as thrombus forms, but this is a normal process and will go away with massage.

Question) Are there any side effects from sclerotherapy for the hands and arms?

Answer) There are almost no side effects.

Thrombus may form in the vessels at the treatment site, causing bruising along the vessel or slight pain, but this is a problem that can be resolved through massage and is a normal part of the recovery process.

If thrombus cannot be resolved by massage, the patient returns to the clinic and undergoes a procedure to puncture it with a fine needle and squeeze it out while monitoring the progress.

Recovery after treatment for varicose veins and hand/arm vascular dilation

Recovery after varicose vein treatment

Immediately after the procedure, the area is wrapped with an elastic bandage, and then a high-elastic medical compression stocking is worn again.

It is recommended to walk for more than an hour immediately after the procedure, and the elastic bandage is removed after 24 to 48 hours, after which only the high-elastic compression stocking is worn again.

Return for a follow-up visit after 1 to 2 weeks, and after removing thrombus from the area with a syringe needle, wear the compression stockings again.

Depending on the healing process, the compression stockings are worn for about 1 to 2 months.

The medical high-elastic stockings are ergonomically designed and are not uncomfortable to wear at all.

Also, it is better not to do strenuous exercise or jogging for 1 to 2 weeks.

Hospital visit plan for sclerotherapy

• After the first procedure, you usually visit 3 to 4 times.

• First visit after the procedure (1 to 2 weeks after the first session)

Removal of hematoma in the treated vessel area and additional treatment for areas that were not fully treated

• Second visit after the procedure (2 weeks after the second session)

Removal of hematoma in the treated vessel area and additional treatment for areas that were not fully treated

• Third visit after the procedure (2 weeks after the third session)

Removal of hematoma in the treated vessel area and additional treatment for areas that were not fully treated

• Fourth visit after the procedure (2 weeks after the fourth session)

Removal of hematoma in the treated vessel area

Precautions after sclerotherapy

• Immediately after the procedure, walk for about 1 hour if possible so that the sclerosing agent does not remain inside the vessel.

• You can shower on the same day right after the procedure.

• Wash the compression stockings with soap, but do not wring them by pressing them, as this may stretch them. Do not twist them or iron them.

• Wear the stockings continuously for the period set by the attending physician.

• Put on the stockings in the morning when you wake up and take them off before going to sleep.

• After sclerotherapy, bruising and hematoma forming along the vessels is a normal part of the treatment process and should be understood as a natural course.

• The degree of bruising along the vessel varies, and the time it takes for the bruising to disappear also varies, so there is no need to worry if it does not go away quickly.

• Bruising inside the vessel usually almost disappears after 4 to 8 weeks, so wait patiently.

Sclerotherapy for blue blood vessels under the eyes

There are many blood vessels gathered under the eyes.

The skin under the eyes is very thin and transparent, so blue blood vessels may show through.

As the subcutaneous fat becomes thinner due to skin aging, it can look more severe.

Causes of blue blood vessels under the eyes

• Inability to sleep well

• Stress

• Poor blood circulation before and after menstruation - blood circulation may become stagnant and blue dark circles may look more severe.

Treatment for blue blood vessels under the eyes - sclerotherapy (injection treatment)

When blue veins are visible under the eyes, a sclerosing agent can be injected into the vessel to sclerosis the thick vessel and improve the symptom.

However, since this is a procedure that targets only partial blood vessels, sclerosis of the vessels does not improve the overall dark appearance around the eyes.

At best, it should be limited to removing one or two blood vessels.

Also, very fine red blood vessels are difficult to treat with sclerotherapy.

For red vessels, pigment laser can be used, but in the case of under-eye dark circles, the effect of laser is usually very minimal or completely absent.

Sclerotherapy is simple to perform and has almost no pain, bruising, or swelling, so daily life is possible immediately afterward, but because it is performed on very fine blood vessels, it requires highly precise technique.

It is a procedure that requires professional knowledge and experience with sclerosing agents, so it is not a procedure just anyone can perform.

The concentration and injection amount of the sclerosing agent must be properly adjusted to achieve better results in a single treatment.

Once a vessel disappears, it does not reappear, and there are no special side effects.

The injectable preparation is a safe agent imported with approval from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety and approved by the FDA.

Recovery after sclerotherapy for blue blood vessels under the eyes

1. Mild pain occurs at the site where the thrombus formed.

2. Daily life is possible immediately.

3. If additional treatment for other vessels is desired, the procedures are done at intervals of at least one to two months.

4. The vessels gradually disappear over the course of one month.

Examples of applying sclerotherapy for blue blood vessels under the eyes

Frequently asked questions about sclerotherapy for blue blood vessels under the eyes

Question) How many sessions of sclerotherapy are needed?

Answer) As a rule, the vessels to be treated are handled one at a time.

If too many vessels are treated at once, there may be a problem in which small untreated vessels enlarge compensatorily.

Because this varies from person to person, the number of sessions is determined by how many vessels are treated, but the rule is one session for one vessel.

Question) Are there any side effects after sclerotherapy, which is the treatment for blue blood vessels under the eyes?

Answer) There are almost no side effects.

The only issue is that thrombus may form inside the vessel at the treatment site, causing bruising along the vessel or slight pain.

Other than that, no side effects occur.

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